mudsirLocation of Jammu and Kashmir in India
Map of Jammu and Kashmir
Coordinates (Srinagar): 33.45°N 76.24°E
Country India
Established 1947-10-26
Capital
Jammu (winter)
Srinagar (summer)
Largest city Srinagar
Districts 22
Government[*]
• Governor Narinder Nath Vohra
• Chief Minister Omar Abdullah (NC)
• Legislature Bicameral (89 + 36 seats)
Area
• Total 222,236 km2 (85,806 sq mi)
Area rank 6th
Elevation 327 m (1,073 ft)
Population (2011)
• Total 12,548,926
• Rank 18th
Time zone IST (UTC+05:30)
ISO 3166 code IN-JK
HDI 0.601 (medium)
HDI rank 17th (2005)
Literacy 66.7% (21st)
Official language Kashmiri,Urdu, English
Other languages Dogri,Urdu,English, Ladakhi
Website www.jammukashmir.nic.in
Jammu and Kashmir (i/dʒɑːmuː/ & /kĉʃmɪər/; Urdu: جموں و کشمیر; Dogri, Hindi: जम्मू और कश्मीर; Kashmiri: जोम त कशीर (Devanagari), جوم تِ کشیر (Nastaliq); Ladakhi: ཇ་མུ་དང་ཀ་ཤི་མིར།) is a state of India. It is mostly in the Himalayan mountains and shares a border with the states of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab to the south. Jammu and Kashmir has an international border with the People's Republic of China in the north and east while Line of Control separates it from Pakistani controlled territories of Azad Kashmir and Gilgit–Baltistan in the west and northwest respectively.
Formerly a part of the erstwhile Princely State of Kashmir and Jammu, which governed the larger historic region of Kashmir, this territory is disputed among China, India and Pakistan. Pakistan, which claims the territory as disputed,[1] refers to it alternatively as Indian occupied Kashmir or Indian held Kashmir, while some international agencies such as the United Nations[2] call it Indian-administered Kashmir. The regions under the control of Pakistan are referred to as Pakistan-occupied Kashmir or PoK within India, as 'Azad' Jammu and Kashmir in Pakistan, and as Pakistan-administered Kashmir or Pakistan-controlled Kashmir generally.[3][4][5][6][7]
Jammu and Kashmir consists of three regions: Jammu, the Kashmir valley and Ladakh. Srinagar is the summer capital, and Jammu is the winter capital. While the Kashmir valley is famous for its beautiful mountainous landscape, Jammu's numerous shrines attract tens of thousands of Hindu pilgrims every year. Ladakh, also known as "Little Tibet", is renowned for its remote mountain beauty and Buddhist culture.
History
Geography and climate
Administrative divisions
